Decanter Centrifuge
What is a Decanter Centrifuge?
A decanter centrifuge is one of the advanced and essential pieces of equipment in the oil, gas, petrochemical, food, pharmaceutical, and wastewater treatment industries. It is designed for the continuous separation of solid particles from liquids. Utilizing centrifugal force, this equipment enables precise, rapid, and continuous separation, making it an efficient and cost-effective engineering solution for industrial processes.
Hamgam Sanat Knowledge-Based Company, as a pioneer in the design and manufacturing of rotating equipment in Iran, produces decanter centrifuges for the oil, gas, petrochemical, food, and pharmaceutical industries. These advanced centrifuges provide continuous solid-liquid separation with high precision and reliability.
Principles of Decanter Centrifuge Operation
A decanter centrifuge consists of two main components:
- Drum: A high-speed rotating cylinder that generates the centrifugal force required for solid-liquid separation.
- Screw Conveyor: An internal helical screw that directs the separated solids toward the discharge outlet.
The separation process works as follows:
- The feed material containing suspended solids enters the drum.
- Centrifugal force pushes the heavier solids toward the drum wall.
- The screw conveys the compacted solids to the solids discharge outlet.
- The clarified liquid exits from the opposite side of the drum.
This process allows continuous, automatic, and high-efficiency operation.
Types of Decanter Centrifuges
- Single-Phase Decanter: Used for separating solids from relatively low-viscosity liquids; commonly applied in food processing and water treatment.
- Multi-Phase Decanter: Capable of separating multiple liquid and solid phases simultaneously; widely used in oil and petrochemical industries.
- High G-Force Decanter: Designed for separating very fine particles with enhanced efficiency, featuring a high-speed drum.
- Self-Cleaning Decanter: Equipped with an automatic solids discharge system, suitable for continuous industrial operations.
Applications of Decanter Centrifuges
- Oil and Petrochemical Industries: Separation of drilling mud, oil recovery, and solids removal from production processes.
- Wastewater and Industrial Effluent Treatment: Sludge thickening, volume reduction, and improved treatment efficiency.
- Food and Pharmaceutical Industries: Clarification of oils, juices, milk, and other liquid products.
- Chemical and Mineral Industries: Separation of mineral and chemical particles from solutions and sludges.
Main Components of Hamgam Sanat Decanter Centrifuges
- Drum: The rotating cylinder where the main separation occurs.
- Screw Conveyor: Helical screw that transports solids to the outlet.
- Motor and Gearbox: Provide driving force and control drum and screw rotation speed.
- Feed System: Includes pump and feed inlet for introducing materials.
- Solids and Liquid Discharge: Outlets for separated materials.
- Control and Automation System: Monitors speed, pressure, vibration, and other operational parameters.
- Bearings and Maintenance Systems: Reduce friction, increase equipment lifespan, and ensure stable operation.
Advantages and Technical Features
- High Separation Efficiency: Capable of separating very fine particles and improving final product quality.
- Continuous Operation: Supports uninterrupted industrial processes.
- Energy Efficiency: Due to precise mechanical design and intelligent control.
- Operational Flexibility: Drum and screw speeds can be adjusted for liquids with different viscosities and densities.
- Long Service Life: Made of durable materials and equipped with advanced lubrication systems.
Key Engineering Parameters for Design and Operation
- Drum and screw speed: Determines centrifugal force and separation efficiency.
- Screw pitch and speed: Ensures optimal solids conveyance and prevents clogging.
- Feed capacity: Adjusted according to feed flow rate and solids concentration.
- Liquid viscosity and density: Directly affect separation efficiency and centrifuge type selection.
- Construction materials: Stainless steel and corrosion- and wear-resistant alloys to enhance durability.
Decanter centrifuges, combining engineering precision, continuous performance, and operational flexibility, are key instruments in industrial processes. Optimal operation requires knowledge of mechanical engineering, process engineering, and materials science, ensuring maximum separation efficiency, high product quality, and extended equipment life.
Hamgam Sanat Knowledge-Based Company, relying on engineering expertise, operational experience, and indigenous technology, provides high-quality, reliable decanter centrifuges. Proper utilization of these systems enhances efficiency, reduces operational costs, and ensures consistent product quality across various industries.